La plecarea din Praga am hotarat sa vizitam inca doua orase, pentru a descoperi si o alta fata a Cehiei, nu doar capitala frumoasa si stralucitoare. Prima oprire am facut-o la Kutna Hora, dupa un drum de aproximativ o ora, ce strabate niste dealuri tare frumoase.
In Kutna Hora am ajuns initial in centru, unde am poposit cateva minute, inainte de a observa un domn politist ca am ignorat semnul "oprirea interzisa, cu exceptia riveranilor" . Kutna Hora a fost in trecut un oras mare, dezvoltat in principal datorita minelor de argint in interiorul carora localnicii lucrau intens si erau rasplatiti din belsug.
Contextul economic infloritor a permis si dezvoltarea culturala, in oras construindu-se numeroase biserici si catedrale, majoritatea in stil gotic. Daca aveti ceva timp la dispozitie, vizitati Catedrala Sfanta Barbara, Capela Corpus Christi, Biserica Sf. Ioan Nepomuk si Catedrala Adormirii Maicii Domnului, toate minunate lectii de arhitectura incremenite in piatra. Trebuie adaugat pe lista si Hradek, un palat gotic ce gazduieste astazi Muzeul Ceh al Argintului.
Pentru cei grabiti insa, probabil ca principala atractie o va reprezenta Osuarul Manastirii Sedlec, situat la iesirea din oras. Care e povestea acestor oase ce decoreaza lacasul religios? O legenda spune ca un pelerin ar fi adus aici un pumn de pamant de la Ierusalim, pamantul sfant determinand ca procesul de descompunere sa se produca accelerat, din cadavru ramanand doar oasele. Ei bine, aceasta este legenda.
Exista insa si o explicatie mai prozaica. Familia Schwarzenberg a devenit proprietara manastirii in anul 1870 si s-a trezit nu doar proprietara unei frumoase biserici, ci si a peste 40 000 de scheleti, marturie a epidemiei de ciuma ce a macinat aceste locuri cu ani in urma, ingropati cu totii in cimitirul manastirii si dezgropati pe masura ce acesta devenea neincapator. Nu stiu daca familia Schwarzenberg s-a gandit la potetialul turistic sau la aspectele etice ale problemei, dar a decis sa foloseasca oasele la decorarea bisericii. L-au tocmit pe Frantisec Rint, un cioplitor in lemn din partea locului sa aranjeze oasele intr-un mod creativ.
Si Rint a facut-o! Interiorul este cel putin interesant! Desi in fotografii poate parea putin macabru, realitatea nu e deloc inspaimantatoare....mai degraba fascinanta! E un exercitiu interesant sa incerci sa identifici fiecare oscior intr-un candelabru imens ce contine cel putin un os din fiecare tip de os uman. Mesterul a reusit sa recreeze din oase chiar si blazonul familiei Schwarzenberg. Mariti imaginea de mai sus pentru a observa corbul ce ii smulge ochiul turcului, un detaliu macabru regasit pe blazon.
Biletul de intrare costa 50 de coroane intreg si 40 redus si primiti imprumut o foaie de hartie pe care este explicata istoria locului. Exista inclusiv o varianta in romana, asa ca nu va jenati sa o cereti. Nu se percep taxe pentru fotografiere. Mai jos aveti inca 2 imagini din interior si 2 din exterior. Exteriorul nu tradeaza prin nimic misterele ascunse in interior. :)
Prezentare foarte reusita a "Orasului de Argint". Dupa "Praga" (Orasul de Aur), Kutná Hora (Hory Kutné in evul mediu) era cel mai important oras al Regatului Boemiei. Venceslav al II-lea din casa de Přemysl a adus mineri italieni in zona pentru a dezvolta industria extractiva si de prelucrare a argintului in urma caruia aici s-a format prima monetarie a statului ceh, mai tarziu, una din cele mai importante monetarii a Imperiului Roman de Natiune Germana. Perioada de inflorire maxima o atinge in epoca imparatului Carol al IV-lea (al III-lea, dupa numaratoarea regilor boemi). Cea mai valoroasa cladire din Kutná Hora este catedrala Sfanta Barbara a carei constructie incepe in 1388 de catre Johann Parler, fiul lui Peter Parler, constructorul catedralei Sfantul Vitos (svatého Víta) din Praga. Osariul din Sedlec, a luat nastere prin deshumarea voluntara a osemintelor din fostul cimitir in vederea parcelarii terenului pentru constructie de case noi. Capela actuala, a fost construit pe cheltuiala proprietarului terenurilor cu scopul special de a adapostii osemintele si pentru a aduce un omagiu etern tuturor locuitorilor care "au faurit orasul de argint". In evul mediu Sedelec era o comuna distincta de oras si a fost domeniu al Manastirii Cisterciene pana in 1788, cand imparatul Iosif al II-lea a desfiintat ordinul cistercienilor si a transformat catedrala abatiei in depozit si atelier de prelucrare a tutunului, care din pacate functioneaza si astazi in cladirile fostei abatii. Vachiul cimitir din Sedlec, nu apartinea direct abatiei ci era in jurisdictia bisericii parohiale "Toti Sfintii" si a fost deschis in anul 1318, cand aici au fost inhumte aprox. 30.000 de victime ale epidemiei de holera.
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